Environmental Resource Center, Destination Conserv. (inst'l-school retrofit/educational), Profile#82


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



Destination Conservation (DC) is a school retrofit program that demonstrates a clever formula for energy and water savings. The program engages school principals, custodians, students, faculties, and their communities in a cooperative effort to gain incremental dollar savings which can then be used for more and more sophisticated retrofit measures. Conceived in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, by staff at the non-profit Environmental Resource Center, the program is based on a three-year staged approach whereby no and low cost retrofits in Year 1 create savings that can then be applied to progressively more comprehensive efficiency measures in Years 2 and 3. Basic "lifestyle" changes in Year 1, such as turning off unneeded lights, create savings that can be applied to low cost retrofits, such as purchasing and installing occupancy sensors to control classroom lights, which in turn can create revenues for more capital intensive retrofits such as replacing incandescent lamps with compact fluorescents.



The DC "formula" for savings utilizes the abilities of three key players: DC, which facilitates the process and provides the expertise; the school district, which harnesses the collective energy of students and staff alike; and a corporate sponsor, which provides early capital for audits and trainings, and then later provides additional capital for comprehensive retrofits. Corporate sponsors, which to date have primarily been utilities, recoup all their money over time. A new program track, begun in early 1994, allows schools to move directly to capital intensive retrofits, which are generally subcontracted to regional firms, with their commensurate dollar savings in Year 1. In both tracks, the program enables schools to retrofit their facilities without any cash outlay and then provides schools with positive cash flow since their loan repayments are structured to be less than their monthly bill savings.



To date, 24 school districts in Alberta with over 220 schools have participated or are currently participating in the program. In Ontario and Saskatchewan, three school districts are participating, while British Columbia and New Brunswick each have two school districts involved in the program. In terms of savings, the DC program promotes comprehensive retrofits and works with schools to get systematic retrofits done at the lowest possible cost. The 87 participating schools in TransAlta Utilities’ service territory, for example, have saved an average of approximately 25% of their baseline utility bills. And while these energy savings are financially attractive to the schools, Destination Conservation also plays an important role in teaching schoolchildren about their role in protecting the environment and sustainable development by getting students integrally involved in the process.

 

 

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Sacramento Municipal Utility District, Residential Peak Corps (load management), Profile #83


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



More than a decade before the Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD) prematurely retired its Rancho Seco Nuclear Plant, ushering in a dynamic period of demand-side management, SMUD implemented its Residential Peak Corps program as a full-scale initiative. The program then, just as it is now, was intended to address Sacramento’s needle peaks which occur on summer days when temperatures climb above 100° F, sometimes for several days in a row.



The Residential Peak Corps program provides peak clipping/load shifting through the remote cycling of central air conditioners. SMUD usually cycles participating central air conditioners 10 to 16 days per summer with typical cycling durations of up to four hours. The program currently offers three cycling options with participants receiving discounts on their summer electric bills. Participants selecting the "Peak Performer" option may have their air conditioning curtailed for up to four hours in order to save up to $20 per month. Others who agree to curtail their air conditioners for 40 minutes out of the hour select the "Saver Plus" or "67% option" and earn up to $15 per month in savings. For the "Basic Saver" or "50% option", air conditioners are cycled for 30 minutes out of the hour.



While SMUD uses direct mail, local radio, and print advertising effectively, program participation has been enhanced greatly by SMUD’s Rule 15, a requirement that all new homes with central air conditioners receiving power from SMUD must participate in the Peak Corps program. While homeowners may elect to subsequently disconnect, fully 78% of Rule 15 participants have remained in the program.



Customer satisfaction has also been a cornerstone of the Peak Corps program. To ensure satisfaction, SMUD provides customers the option of calling the utility and changing their cycling option or even dropping out of the program with as little as 24 hours notice. For participants, SMUD staff believe that communication is key, not only educating customers about the program’s intents and operations, but also by providing customers with adequate advance warnings of power interruptions. Thus SMUD routinely runs announcements on local radio and maintains a hot-line for customer call-ins and information.



Residential Peak Corps is one of SMUD’s most successful DSM programs. In fact, the program currently serves nearly 100,000 customers, an impressive 45% of eligible customers, and provides control of more than 100 MW of peak demand at a current annual cost of about $3 million, or less than $250 per incremental shifted kilowatt.

 



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Southern California Edison, Customer Technology Application Center (coml/indl), Profile #84


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



Southern California’s Customer Technology Application Center (CTAC) represents a new wave in demand-side management for several reasons. The facility, fully one-acre in size and located just 30 miles east of Los Angeles, not only promotes energy-efficient technologies but provides industrial customers with critical services related to environmental compliance. Without CTAC, Edison may have lost several major accounts because of these customers’ inability to remain profitable while implementing costly pollution prevention technologies. CTAC has not only served to enhance Edison’s other DSM programs, and to provide customers with energy and money saving solutions, but serves as a critical economic development tool for Southern California.



The facility itself houses several "centers," each targeted for specific customer classes. Architects, builders, and contractors can visit the Home Efficiency Center to see demonstrations of energy-efficient lighting, and heating and cooling. The home demonstrates energy-efficient appliances, steel stud construction, wiring schemes, and proper insulation and duct installation, as well as an electric vehicle parked in its garage! The Commercial Technology Center features efficient technologies such as heat pumps, thermal energy storage systems, efficient HVAC systems, and commercial food technologies.



The Center’s central purpose is to bridge the gap between technology development and commercialization of efficient electric technologies which result in a beneficial air quality impact. As such, the Industrial Technology Center is perhaps CTAC’s best known, promoting advanced infrared curing technologies, for example, which reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds as regulated by the South Coast Air Quality Management District. In several instances, CTAC’s role with process efficiency applications, from ultraviolet curing to infrared drying to the use of robotics, has been critical for industrial customers, literally making the difference between relocation and profitability within the region.



CTAC also contains a Lighting Design Center which showcases hundreds of advanced lighting products which customers can see in specific applications. Another center focuses exclusively on electromagnetic fields. CTAC also contains meeting rooms, an auditorium, and a resource library, each important ingredients in its overall success. By bringing these centers together, CTAC serves several important functions concurrently, providing a powerful model of a new and important utility customer service role in a dynamic utility industry.

 



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Bonneville Power Administration, WaterWise (agricultural irrigation), Profile #85


  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY



Bonneville Power Administration’s WaterWise program is an agricultural initiative that has evolved into a comprehensive effort that results in the triple benefits of energy and water savings and often increased crop yields thanks to the precision application of water. WaterWise dates back to 1979 when BPA first addressed irrigated agriculture’s energy use by developing a pilot program that focused on pump testing and evaluating farmers’ irrigation systems. A few years later BPA instituted the program on a regional basis and added incentives to the program for equipment retrofits. Then in 1991 these early programs were dramatically ramped up to create WaterWise, a program that addresses the needs of farms of varying sizes. In its current form, WaterWise is implemented by 39 retail utilities within BPA’s service territory.



A focus on saving water may sound ironic to those unfamiliar with BPA’s service territory since the Northwest is well known for its high levels of precipitation. East of the Cascade Mountains that bisect the states of Washington and Oregon, however, the climate is dramatically different and quite arid. There farmers depend on irrigation. Large irrigators and irrigation districts draw water directly from the Snake and Columbia Rivers using extensive pumping and piping systems to ultimately feed massive sprinklers. Huge water lines, as big as 72 inches in diameter, provide sustenance to crops such as peas, wheat, corn, alfalfa, onions, and potatoes. Small farms tend to pump groundwater. In each case, WaterWise provides technical, financial, and informational services.



The WaterWise Program consists of three main features: System Testing and Design Work for new and expanding systems, a wide array of Hardware Retrofits, and a new concentration on Irrigation Management. This last feature reflects the sophistication of the program. Through its retail utilities and consultants, BPA stays in close communication with participating farms through a number of channels. The program provides announcements through local media. Staff at retail utilities also maintain direct contact with farmers, and directly-linked computer connections are used to link program consultants with large farms to provide farmers with detailed information on weather patterns and evapotranspiration rates so that the farmers can optimize crop watering.



In the program’s decade-long history BPA has invested nearly $25 million in improving the efficiency of irrigated agricultural systems in its service territory and has saved 11 aMW to date. Currently WaterWise is operating with an annual budget of $2 million resulting in annual energy savings of 2 aMW.

 

 
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